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Blog Author
Nicholas Muscolino

Nicholas Muscolino

Recent Articles

Flat illustration of a cooling tower and water treatment monitoring panel representing ASHRAE 188 compliance testing

ASHRAE 188 and Cooling Tower Water Management Plans: What Compliance Testing Requires

ASHRAE 188 compliance for cooling towers means building owners put a written water management plan in place that...
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Flat illustration of a data center hot aisle with server racks, containment panels, and CRAC cooling units in Aero dark blue.
Testing and Balancing, Commissioning, Building Performance

TAB and Commissioning for Data Centers: What Makes Mission-Critical Testing Different

Data center testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) and commissioning differ from standard commercial work in one...
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Flat illustration of a lab fume hood cutaway with a technician measuring face velocity for ASHRAE 110 testing
Critical Environment, Life Safety, Compliance

ASHRAE 110 Fume Hood Testing: What It Requires and How It's Performed

ANSI/ASHRAE 110 is the national standard that measures how well a laboratory fume hood contains hazardous fumes, using...
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Illustration of rooftop air intake separation distance and a technician verifying ventilation rates per ASHRAE 62.1-2025
Testing and Balancing, IAQ, Healthy Buildings, Safety

ASHRAE 62.1-2025 Is Here: What Changed for Ventilation Rate Verification

ASHRAE published the 2025 edition of Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, with the standard's...
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Flat illustration of a healthcare facility with rooftop ventilation equipment next to a calendar icon marked June 1, 2027, and an Indiana state outline, representing IDOH's adoption of the FGI 2026 Guidelines.
Critical Environment, Life Safety, Compliance

IDOH Adopts FGI 2026 Guidelines: What Indiana Hospitals Need to Know By June 1, 2027

The Indiana Department of Health (IDOH) posted its formal adoption notice on September 2, 2026, confirming that the...
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Flat illustration of a technician using a balancing flow hood at a ceiling diffuser beside a third-party certification badge, representing how to vet a qualified TAB contractor
Testing and Balancing, New Construction

How to Choose a TAB Contractor: Questions to Ask Before You Sign

The right TAB contractor holds current certification through an agency like NEBB or TABB, can produce references from...
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Flat geometric split illustration comparing HVAC testing and balancing field measurement with building commissioning controls verification, side by side.
Testing and Balancing, Commissioning, Building Performance, New Construction

TAB vs. Commissioning: What's the Difference, and Do You Need Both?

Testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) verifies that airflow and water flow through a building's HVAC equipment match...
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Flat geometric illustration comparing occupied and unoccupied HVAC airflow states in a hospital operating room ceiling, showing a laminar flow diffuser, occupancy sensor, and automated turndown control.
Testing and Balancing, Healthy Buildings, Commissioning, Utility Rebates, Building Performance, Compliance

ASHRAE 90.1's New OR Turndown Mandate: What Hospitals Need to Know

ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1's Addendum bh, approved April 30, 2025, requires operating rooms, surgical cystoscopy rooms,...
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Flat geometric illustration of a commercial hydronic HVAC balancing loop showing a pump, balancing valve with differential pressure gauge, and coil connection between a central plant and air handler.
Testing and Balancing

Hydronic System Balancing: What It Is, How It's Tested, and Why It Matters

Hydronic balancing is the process of measuring and adjusting water flow through a building's heating and cooling piping...
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need to create an image: A flat, geometric technical illustration of a VAV (variable air volume) terminal box, shown as a clean cutaway diagram of the rectangular sheet-metal casing only: a round or oval inlet duct connection at one end, an internal damper blade on a shaft with an actuator mounted on the casing exterior, and a velocity/airflow sensor pickup just downstream of the damper. Discharge side shows a short duct stub only — no grille, no diffuser, no ceiling tile in contact with the box. The box floats in an open ceiling plenum space, with a technician's hand holding a separate handheld digital airflow meter near the discharge duct stub (not touching or mounted to the box). Background: a faint architectural wireframe of a glass skyscraper interior, straight edges, drafting-line style, in Aero Dark Blue ( #043659) with light wireframe strokes. Overlay 3–4 flat hexagon shapes in Aero Light Blue ( #00A9E0), Hill Blue ( #005EB8), and Aero Orange ( #ED7D31), some solid-filled, some outlined, clustered in a corner. Aero Orange highlights the sensor or a small out-of-range indicator on a simple line graph in the corner. Flat, solid color fills only — no gradients, no glow, no drop shadows, no photorealism. Do not depict a diffuser, grille, or register attached to or built into the VAV box itself. Clean vector/illustration style, high contrast, no text, no logos.
MBCx, Testing and Balancing, Commissioning, Building Performance

Why Do VAV Boxes Fail Without Tripping a BAS Alarm?

A VAV box can run out of design tolerance for months without ever generating a building automation alarm, because most...
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